Lifes rocky start essays

Life's rocky start essays Lifes Rocky Start is an intriguing piece about the role that rocks played in the beginning of life on a once uninhabited earth. The article was written by Robert Hazen and was featured in the April 2001 edition of Scientific American. He has been a part of a highly trained team of specialists at Carnegie Institution of Washingtons Geophysical Laboratory in Washington, D.C. since 1976. This institution is a private, nonprofit organization involved in basic research and advanced education in the earth sciences. It is a world-renowned laboratory that has led the way in petrology and research for earth science. Over the years, Robert Hazen and his team of experts have conducted many experiments regarding the relationship between the start of life on this planet and rocks. Most of their knowledge can be attributed to the findings of earlier scientists such as Stanley L. Miller. Miller performed many experiments trying to connect minerals with ocean temperatures and the atmosphere. In 1998, with these findings, Hazen and his team started an experiment of their own and took place in the Carnegie laboratory. To help their idea that minerals might have sheltered the ingredients of life, an experiment was conducted in which the amino acid leucine broke down within a matter of minutes in pressurized water at 200 degrees Celsius. But once the iron sulfide was added to the mix, the amino acid stayed together for days. This next experiment conducted in the Spring of 2000 was much more intricate compared to the first one. After they came across the mineral, calcite; a common mineral that forms marble and limestone because it presents brilliant pairs of mirror image faces, they had also discovered that the chemical structure of calcite allowed mollusk shells to strongly bond with amino acids. This set off the need for an experiment regarding these calcite surfaces. Their hypothesis became that calcite surfa...

The Sounds of the Unknown essays

The Sounds of the Unknown essays Try to create a music, which no one has ever heard. It is so broad, new, and unexplored even the creator cannot even place a name for it. As Derrik May put it, "We had to crack some serious codes, we did things no one else would do, played music no one else would touch. Those were some brave times" (Sicko 67). A name was finally concocted by a group called the Belleville Trio. May, one of the trio, stated, "We were calling it techno. Nobody really gave it that name. I think it was just the obvious title for the kind of music we made (Silcott 46). The actual word is said to have originated in Detroit, along with pretty much everything else having to do with it. So, what exactly is techno, and how has it had an influence? In order to comprehend techno, along with its simply deceptive grooves, and how its uprising has brought on a dramatic change in American as well as European culture, there must be a deep reaching with the mind alone into an electronic culture, along with le tting the influence run through the body. The life of techno is not nearly long enough to recap and write on for even a few paragraphs. There is hardly any sources on techno as well. But, anyone who is living in the twenty- first century can remember hearing the word or its vibe. Here is the beginning. A Roland TB 303 Bass Line Machine started it all. A DJ by the name of Pierre discovered a "crazy frequency sound" when he was messing with one in his home studio (Silcott 42). DJ Pierre ran the most fluencial group on the global scale, Phuture. The Roland 303 then became discovered as a inticing, great machine. Many of them were used and produced many of the first "Acid Tracks" (Silcott 44). Although the 303 was originally intended to provide bass lines for a practicing guitarist, it set the record, however, for the birth of techno (Silcott 45). Rarely known to anyone or anything, techno was a freakazoided, undulating, gurgling, psychedelic, ...

What does the future hold for stem cells in relation to tissue Essay

What does the future hold for stem cells in relation to tissue engineering - Essay Example Stem cell researchers have in the recent past been involved in elucidating the effects of mechanical factors in tissue generation and engineering with regards to stem cell biology, especially as this field is still poorly understood (Pavlovic & BaÃŒ lint, 2013: p7). Stem cells possess immense potential in the field of tissue engineering. Potential hopes for future regeneration of damaged or diseased tissue are partially dependent on the use of various intricate combinations of stem cells with growth factors and scaffolds (Pavlovic & BaÃŒ lint, 2013: p61). In order to mimic the natural development of tissue in the lab, researchers require appropriate topographical and biochemical cues in a manner that is spatially controlled. Therefore, the future of stem cells in tissue engineering is dependent on the use of nano-technology, in this case nano-topography, in order to influence the behavior of cells. This includes various behaviors like proliferation, attachment, and differentiation that play vital roles in engineering of tissues. Majority of the research into stem cells and tissue engineering is currently focused on biochemical and biomechanical signals and cell adhesion and how these cooperate to enable tissues, cells, and organisms to adapt t o changes within the environment. In the future, it is possible that mechanical forces like mechano-sensing, cell matrix adhesions, cell-cell adhesions, and cell proliferation can be controlled using nano and micro-fabrication tools (Pavlovic & BaÃŒ lint, 2013: p62). This will allow researchers to understand the manner in which these processes enable cells to respond to their environment. Stem cells also have the potential to allow cellular nucleus control, which will be essential in tissue engineering. The size and morphology of the cell nucleus has emerged as a potential genome function mechanistic regulator, which means that it is a crucial